{"id":3023,"date":"2025-04-11T09:12:54","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:12:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=3023"},"modified":"2025-04-11T09:12:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:12:58","slug":"cop30-les-pays-du-g20-respecteront-ils-leurs-engagements-climatiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=3023","title":{"rendered":"COP30 \u2013 Les pays du G20 respecteront-ils leurs engagements climatiques ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p><p>Alors que la COP30 s\u2019annonce comme un tournant crucial pour limiter le r\u00e9chauffement \u00e0 1,5 \u00b0C, les espoirs reposent sur les engagements renforc\u00e9s des pays du G20, responsables de&nbsp;<strong>82 % des \u00e9missions mondiales<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iddri.org\/fr\/publications-et-evenements\/billet-de-blog\/du-g20-la-cop-30-une-voie-possible-pour-lambition\">4<\/a>.&nbsp;Le dernier rapport du PNUE sonne l\u2019alarme : sans une r\u00e9duction imm\u00e9diate de&nbsp;<strong>42 % des \u00e9missions d\u2019ici 2030<\/strong>, l\u2019objectif de l\u2019Accord de Paris sera hors d\u2019atteinte<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>1. Un \u00e9cart d\u2019\u00e9missions catastrophique<\/strong><\/p><p>Les politiques actuelles m\u00e8nent \u00e0 un r\u00e9chauffement de&nbsp;<strong>3,1 \u00b0C<\/strong>&nbsp;d\u2019ici la fin du si\u00e8cle, bien au-del\u00e0 du seuil critique<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a>.&nbsp;M\u00eame si les engagements pour 2030 \u00e9taient respect\u00e9s, la hausse se situerait entre&nbsp;<strong>2,6 et 2,8 \u00b0C<\/strong>, aggravant s\u00e9cheresses, inondations et pertes de biodiversit\u00e9.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Responsabilit\u00e9 du G20<\/strong>\u00a0: Les membres historiques (hors Union africaine) repr\u00e9sentent\u00a0<strong>77 % des \u00e9missions<\/strong>, avec des CDN (Contributions D\u00e9termin\u00e9es au niveau National) insuffisantes<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iddri.org\/fr\/publications-et-evenements\/billet-de-blog\/du-g20-la-cop-30-une-voie-possible-pour-lambition\">4<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Retard am\u00e9ricain<\/strong>\u00a0: Le retrait de l\u2019Accord de Paris et le d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement des r\u00e9glementations environnementales par les \u00c9tats-Unis fragilisent les efforts mondiaux<a href=\"https:\/\/meteoetclimat.fr\/project\/cop-29-cop-30-interview-lola-vallejo\/\">2<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>2. La COP30, dernier espoir pour 1,5 \u00b0C ?<\/strong><\/p><p>Pr\u00e9vue en&nbsp;<strong>novembre 2025<\/strong>&nbsp;au Br\u00e9sil, cette conf\u00e9rence marquera les&nbsp;<strong>10 ans de l\u2019Accord de Paris<\/strong>&nbsp;et exigera des CDN r\u00e9vis\u00e9es pour 2035<a href=\"https:\/\/riodejaneiro.consulfrance.org\/Declaration-franco-bresilienne-sur-la-protection-des-oceans\">3<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elysee.fr\/emmanuel-macron\/2024\/11\/19\/declaration-franco-bresilienne-sur-la-protection-des-oceans\">5<\/a>.<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Objectifs cl\u00e9s<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Aligner les engagements sur une r\u00e9duction de\u00a0<strong>57 % des \u00e9missions d\u2019ici 2035<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Int\u00e9grer tous les secteurs \u00e9conomiques, notamment les \u00e9nergies fossiles, largement ignor\u00e9es lors de la COP29<a href=\"https:\/\/meteoetclimat.fr\/project\/cop-29-cop-30-interview-lola-vallejo\/\">2<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>R\u00f4le du Br\u00e9sil<\/strong>\u00a0: En tant qu\u2019h\u00f4te, le pays devra concilier protection de l\u2019Amazonie et pression pour des CDN ambitieuses, soutenu par la France via des initiatives oc\u00e9aniques communes<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elysee.fr\/emmanuel-macron\/2024\/11\/19\/declaration-franco-bresilienne-sur-la-protection-des-oceans\">5<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3025\" srcset=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0.jpg 980w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0-585x329.jpg 585w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/2019-06-29t034902z_1590492126_rc1a8c8c7340_rtrmadp_3_g20-summit_0-600x337.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><\/figure><p><strong>3. Les d\u00e9fis d\u2019une transition juste<\/strong><\/p><p>Le rapport du PNUE identifie des solutions techniques (solaire, \u00e9olien, reforestation) capables de combler&nbsp;<strong>52 % de l\u2019\u00e9cart d\u2019\u00e9missions d\u2019ici 2030<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a>.&nbsp;Mais leur mise en \u0153uvre n\u00e9cessite :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Financements \u00e9quitables<\/strong>\u00a0: Le G20 doit r\u00e9orienter\u00a0<strong>1 400 milliards $\/an de subventions aux fossiles<\/strong>\u00a0vers les \u00e9nergies propres<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iddri.org\/fr\/publications-et-evenements\/billet-de-blog\/du-g20-la-cop-30-une-voie-possible-pour-lambition\">4<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Solidarit\u00e9 Nord-Sud<\/strong>\u00a0: Les pays africains, bien que peu \u00e9metteurs, exigent un soutien accru pour l\u2019adaptation climatique, soulignant l\u2019injustice des \u00ab responsabilit\u00e9s diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es \u00bb<a href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/fr\/actualites-et-recits\/communique-de-presse\/les-nations-doivent-combler-lenorme-ecart-demissions-dans\">1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iddri.org\/fr\/publications-et-evenements\/billet-de-blog\/du-g20-la-cop-30-une-voie-possible-pour-lambition\">4<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p><p>La COP30 repr\u00e9sente une fen\u00eatre critique pour \u00e9viter l\u2019emballement climatique. Si le Br\u00e9sil, l\u2019UE et la Chine portent des espoirs, l\u2019absence de leadership am\u00e9ricain et la lenteur des CDN actuelles risquent de condamner l\u2019objectif de 1,5 \u00b0C. L\u2019Afrique, bien que marginalis\u00e9e dans les \u00e9missions historiques, pourrait y jouer un r\u00f4le pivot en exigeant justice climatique et financements durables.<\/p><div class=\"gsp_post_data\" data-post_type=\"post\" data-cat=\"politique-internationale-asie-et-autres-regions\" data-modified=\"120\" data-title=\"COP30 \u2013 Les pays du G20 respecteront-ils leurs engagements climatiques ?\" data-home=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Alors que la COP30 s\u2019annonce comme un tournant crucial pour limiter le r\u00e9chauffement \u00e0 1,5 \u00b0C, les espoirs reposent sur les engagements renforc\u00e9s des pays du G20, responsables de&nbsp;82&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3024,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[264],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique-internationale-asie-et-autres-regions"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/08072017_g20_climat_declaration.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3023"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3026,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3023\/revisions\/3026"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}