{"id":2923,"date":"2025-04-10T14:25:06","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T12:25:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=2923"},"modified":"2025-04-10T14:25:09","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T12:25:09","slug":"africanova-taxes-afrique-et-surtaxes-lagoa-face-a-un-avenir-incertain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=2923","title":{"rendered":"Africanova Taxes \u2013 Afrique et surtaxes : L\u2019AGOA face \u00e0 un avenir incertain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p><p>Les surtaxes am\u00e9ricaines de 10 % \u00e0 35 % sur les produits africains, \u00e9voqu\u00e9es dans le&nbsp;<em>64 minutes<\/em>&nbsp;de TV5MONDE1, menacent l\u2019<strong>African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA)<\/strong>. Ce r\u00e9gime pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel, crucial pour les exportations africaines vers les \u00c9tats-Unis, pourrait \u00eatre remis en cause par les nouvelles politiques protectionnistes de Trump. Quels sc\u00e9narios pour le continent ?<\/p><p><strong>L\u2019AGOA en danger : Lesotho et Madagascar en premi\u00e8re ligne<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Impact imm\u00e9diat<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>Le Lesotho, d\u00e9pendant des exportations textiles vers les \u00c9tats-Unis via l\u2019AGOA, craint des\u00a0<strong>licenciements massifs<\/strong>\u00a0selon le reportage TV5MONDE1.\u00a0Les droits de douane d\u00e9passant 35 % rendent ses produits non comp\u00e9titifs.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Cas de Madagascar<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>L\u2019\u00eele, exportatrice de textiles et de vanille, subit \u00e9galement des surtaxes. Son gouvernement plaide pour des exemptions, mais Washington reste inflexible1.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Strat\u00e9gies africaines de contournement<\/strong><\/p><ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Diversification des partenariats<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>Le Kenya, via la d\u00e9claration de William Ruto<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marianne.net\/agora\/tribunes-libres\/en-2025-l-afrique-et-l-europe-partageront-des-ambitions-communes-pour-rester-maitres-de-leurs-destins\">2<\/a>, pr\u00f4ne une\u00a0<strong>neutralit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique<\/strong>\u00a0entre Chine et \u00c9tats-Unis, en misant sur des accords r\u00e9gionaux (ZLECAf).<\/li><\/ol><ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Relocalisation industrielle<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>La Zambie, cit\u00e9e dans les relations Chine-Afrique<a href=\"https:\/\/africacenter.org\/fr\/spotlight\/afrique-chine-relations-2025\/\">6<\/a>, exige une\u00a0<strong>transformation locale des minerais<\/strong>\u00a0pour r\u00e9duire sa d\u00e9pendance aux exportations brutes.<\/li><\/ol><ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>N\u00e9gociations collectives<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>L\u2019Union africaine pourrait utiliser la\u00a0<strong>pr\u00e9sidence sud-africaine du G20<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marianne.net\/agora\/tribunes-libres\/en-2025-l-afrique-et-l-europe-partageront-des-ambitions-communes-pour-rester-maitres-de-leurs-destins\">2<\/a>\u00a0pour d\u00e9fendre l\u2019AGOA lors du sommet de novembre 2025.<\/li><\/ol><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2925\" srcset=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-1170x878.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-585x439.jpg 585w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/000_Was8855672_0.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><p><strong>L\u2019Europe comme alternative ?<\/strong><\/p><p>Le partenariat UE-Afrique, \u00e9voqu\u00e9 dans&nbsp;<em>Le Grand Continent<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/legrandcontinent.eu\/fr\/2025\/02\/02\/le-nouveau-partage-de-lafrique-10-configurations-pour-2025\/\">4<\/a>, pourrait compenser les pertes li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019AGOA :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Investissements cibl\u00e9s<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>L\u2019UE pr\u00e9voit des fonds pour les\u00a0<strong>\u00e9nergies renouvelables<\/strong>\u00a0et les infrastructures logistiques en Afrique<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marianne.net\/agora\/tribunes-libres\/en-2025-l-afrique-et-l-europe-partageront-des-ambitions-communes-pour-rester-maitres-de-leurs-destins\">2<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Acc\u00e8s au march\u00e9 unique<\/strong>\u00a0:<br>Les accords de libre-\u00e9change en n\u00e9gociation (Maroc, Kenya) pourraient remplacer partiellement le march\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p><p>L\u2019AGOA, pilier des relations commerciales Afrique-\u00c9tats-Unis depuis 2000, est \u00e0 un tournant critique. Les pays africains doivent&nbsp;<strong>acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer leur diversification<\/strong>&nbsp;pour \u00e9viter un choc \u00e9conomique majeur, tout en n\u00e9gociant des clauses de sauvegarde avec Washington.<\/p><div class=\"gsp_post_data\" data-post_type=\"post\" data-cat=\"actualites\" data-modified=\"120\" data-title=\"Africanova Taxes \u2013 Afrique et surtaxes : L\u2019AGOA face \u00e0 un avenir incertain\" data-home=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Les surtaxes am\u00e9ricaines de 10 % \u00e0 35 % sur les produits africains, \u00e9voqu\u00e9es dans le&nbsp;64 minutes&nbsp;de TV5MONDE1, menacent l\u2019African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). Ce r\u00e9gime pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel, crucial&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2924,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1676073835162.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2923"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2926,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923\/revisions\/2926"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}