{"id":2654,"date":"2025-04-08T23:27:09","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T21:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=2654"},"modified":"2025-04-08T23:27:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T21:27:12","slug":"leconomie-informelle-en-afrique-frein-ou-accelerateur-pour-les-objectifs-de-developpement-durable-odd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/?p=2654","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019\u00e9conomie informelle en Afrique : frein ou acc\u00e9l\u00e9rateur pour les Objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable (ODD) ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Introduction :<\/strong><br>Avec 85 % des emplois africains relevant du secteur informel, cette \u00e9conomie parall\u00e8le est un paradoxe : elle absorbe les exclus des syst\u00e8mes formels tout en perp\u00e9tuant des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s structurelles. Son r\u00f4le dans l\u2019atteinte des ODD d\u2019ici 2030 divise experts et d\u00e9cideurs politiques.<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Le secteur informel et les ODD : contradictions et synergies<\/strong><\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>ODD 8 (Travail d\u00e9cent)<\/strong>\u00a0: Les vendeurs ambulants ou artisans informels \u00e9chappent aux protections sociales, mais cr\u00e9ent des emplois l\u00e0 o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00c9tat est absent.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>ODD 5 (\u00c9galit\u00e9 de genre)<\/strong>\u00a0: Les femmes dominent le petit commerce informel, mais subissent des discriminations (acc\u00e8s limit\u00e9 au cr\u00e9dit, harc\u00e8lement).<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>ODD 12 (Consommation responsable)<\/strong>\u00a0: Le recyclage informel des d\u00e9chets \u00e9lectroniques \u00e0 Accra ou Lagos r\u00e9duit la pollution, mais expose les travailleurs \u00e0 des risques sanitaires.<\/li><\/ul><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"770\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1.webp 770w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1-300x183.webp 300w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1-768x469.webp 768w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1-585x357.webp 585w, https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/enfants-770x470-1-600x366.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" \/><\/figure><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9tude de cas : Les&nbsp;<em>kayayei<\/em>&nbsp;du Ghana<\/strong><br>Ces porteuses de marchandises, issues des r\u00e9gions pauvres du Nord, illustrent les ambigu\u00eft\u00e9s du secteur informel :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Autonomie \u00e9conomique<\/strong>\u00a0: Elles gagnent jusqu\u2019\u00e0 10 $\/jour, finan\u00e7ant l\u2019\u00e9ducation de leurs fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s<\/strong>\u00a0: Aucune couverture sant\u00e9, exposition aux violences dans les march\u00e9s surpeupl\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Initiatives hybrides<\/strong>\u00a0: Le projet\u00a0<em>Kayayei Youth Association<\/em>\u00a0combine microcr\u00e9dits et plaidoyer pour des droits du travail.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Politiques publiques : entre r\u00e9pression et int\u00e9gration<\/strong><br>Les gouvernements africains testent des approches divergentes :<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mod\u00e8le punitif<\/strong>\u00a0: Au Rwanda, les autorit\u00e9s ont interdit les vendeurs de rue \u00e0 Kigali, provoquant des \u00e9meutes en 2016.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Mod\u00e8le inclusif<\/strong>\u00a0: Le Kenya a l\u00e9galis\u00e9 les\u00a0<em>boda-boda<\/em>\u00a0(moto-taxis) via un syst\u00e8me de licences et formations.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Innovations technologiques<\/strong>\u00a0: L\u2019appli\u00a0<em>M-SHWARI<\/em>\u00a0int\u00e8gre les travailleurs informels au syst\u00e8me bancaire via la mobile money.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Que penser en d\u00e9finitive ?<\/strong><br>Le secteur informel africain est-il un mal n\u00e9cessaire ou un terreau d\u2019innovation sociale ? Sa r\u00e9gulation exige une refonte des mod\u00e8les \u00e9conomiques h\u00e9rit\u00e9s de la colonisation. Et si la cl\u00e9 r\u00e9sidait dans une&nbsp;<strong>co-construction<\/strong>&nbsp;avec les acteurs informels, plut\u00f4t que dans leur marginalisation ? La r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 cette question fa\u00e7onnera l\u2019avenir des ODD en Afrique.<\/p><div class=\"gsp_post_data\" data-post_type=\"post\" data-cat=\"developpement-durable\" data-modified=\"120\" data-title=\"L\u2019\u00e9conomie informelle en Afrique : frein ou acc\u00e9l\u00e9rateur pour les Objectifs de d\u00e9veloppement durable (ODD) ?\" data-home=\"https:\/\/africanova.info\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction :Avec 85 % des emplois africains relevant du secteur informel, cette \u00e9conomie parall\u00e8le est un paradoxe : elle absorbe les exclus des syst\u00e8mes formels tout en perp\u00e9tuant des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2655,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[273],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-developpement-durable"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1726572323328-2024-09-12-iss-today-drc-gorilla-beans-banner.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2654"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2657,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions\/2657"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/africanova.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}